We all love that sun-kissed glow we get from a day spent basking in the sun. However, without proper protection, that pretty glow can turn into something that is not so pretty at all.

Exposure to the sun causes many skin changes that are typically associated with aging. Wrinkles are not just wrinkles. They can mean much more such as signs of deeper sun damage. Sun can do more than age the skin. If not careful sun damage can turn into some form of skin cancer.

Please join Robert Niebergall, M.D., of SouthCrest Medical Group for a discussion on skin cancer and why it is dangerous to succumb to the sun.

What causes skin cancer?    

Skin cancer can be defined as the uncontrolled growth of abnormal skin cells, often multiplying rapidly.  Ultraviolet radiation from the sun is the main cause of skin cancer, therefore it is vital to protect skin during outdoor activity.

There are three main types of skin cancer. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the two types of skin cancer that make up about 95% of all skin cancers.  They are non-melanoma skin cancers and are easily cured.

Melanoma, the third type of skin cancer, is the most serious, and if left untreated, can spread to the organs of the body, which can be difficult to treat.  It is made up of melanocytes, which is abnormally pigmented skin cells, and are the cause of 75% of skin cancer deaths.

Repeated sun exposure can cause non-melanoma skin cancers. However, severe sunburns repeatedly to the skin can cause melanoma later in life.

Who is at risk?

Just about everyone is at risk for skin cancer. Those who are fair skinned and freckled are at higher risk than those who are darker skinned,however, family history plays a role in susceptibility. Multiple severe sunburns and excessive exposure to the sun during your lifetime can also increase your risk. “Those who work in the sun all day need to pay close attention to any changes in their skin,” said Dr. Niebergall.

What do I look for?

Changes to the skin are the most common indicating factors of skin cancer. It is important to pay close attention to a new mole or skin lesion that appears or a mole that has changed  because skin cancer can appear in many different shapes, sizes, colors and textures.

Non-melanoma cancers may be small in appearance, smooth and pearl in color. Others may appear firm and red in color or rough, flat and scaly. Melanoma typically appears as a bump or patch and usually looks like a mole. Pay close attention to a mole that has recently appeared or has changed in shape, size, or color. “If you are unsure of any lesion it is recommended that you see your physician,” said Dr. Niebergall.

How can I protect my skin?

Skin cancer is irreversible; however, it is never too late to start protecting yourself. Although it may be difficult, stay out of the sun whenever possible. For those who wear cosmetics, choose a brand that has UV protection in it.. If you plan to be in the sun, apply sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or greater to all exposed areas at least 30 minutes before going out into the sun. “Continue to apply sunscreen often throughout the day,” says Dr. Niebergall, “Especially if you are in and out of the water.” Wear sunglasses that offer UV protection. Wear hats and protective clothing whenever possible. Continue to protect your skin during the winter months. Most importantly, check your skin on a regular basis. If you ever have concerns, consult your physician immediately.

A board certified internal medicine physician, Dr. Niebergall’s practice is located on the SouthCrest Hospital campus at 9001 S. 101st East Ave., Suite 230, (392-5470). Dr. Niebergall is in group practice with Cedar Ridge Internal Medicine, a practice affiliated with SouthCrest Medical Group.